In everyday digital cameras, the crop factor can range from around 1 (professional digital SLRs), to 1.6 (consumer SLR), to 2 ( Micro Four Thirds ILC) to 6 (most compact cameras). Digital sensors are usually smaller than 35 mm film, and this causes the lens to have a narrower angle of view than with 35 mm film, by a constant factor for each sensor (called the crop factor). At low distances and high angles of view objects appear "foreshortened".Ī camera's angle of view depends not only on the lens, but also on the sensor. At distances approaching infinity, the light rays are nearly parallel to each other, resulting in a "flattened" image. In this simulation, adjusting the angle of view and distance of the camera while keeping the object in frame results in vastly differing images. The angle that he labels as the angle of view is the half-angle or "the angle that a straight line would take from the extreme outside of the field of view to the center of the lens " he notes that manufacturers of lenses use twice this angle. In 1916, Northey showed how to calculate the angle of view using ordinary carpenter's tools. If the angle of coverage of the lens does not fill the sensor, the image circle will be visible, typically with strong vignetting toward the edge, and the effective angle of view will be limited to the angle of coverage. Typically the image circle produced by a lens is large enough to cover the film or sensor completely, possibly including some vignetting toward the edge. It is important to distinguish the angle of view from the angle of coverage, which describes the angle range that a lens can image. It is used interchangeably with the more general term field of view. In photography, angle of view ( AOV) describes the angular extent of a given scene that is imaged by a camera. A camera's angle of view can be measured horizontally, vertically, or diagonally. For broader coverage of this topic, see Field of view.
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